Potential of prospective medicinal plants of Rhizophoraceae from North Kalimantan, Indonesia

SAAT EGRA (United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu, Japan)
HARLINDA KUSPRADINI (Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Mulawarman. Jl. Penajam, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda 75119, East Kalimantan, Indonesia)
IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA (Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Mulawarman. Jl. Penajam, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda 75119, East Kalimantan, Indonesia)
IRMANIDA BATUBARA (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia)
IMRA IMRA (Faculty of Fishery, Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Jl. Amal Lama No. 1, Bulungan 77123, North Kalimantan, Indonesia)
NURJANNAH NURJANNAH (Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Jl. Amal Lama No. 1, Bulungan 77123, North Kalimantan, Indonesia)
ETTY WAHYUNI (Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Jl. Amal Lama No. 1, Bulungan 77123, North Kalimantan, Indonesia)
KOSEI YAMAUCHI (Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University. 1-1 Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu, Japan)
TOHRU MITSUNAGA (Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University. 1-1 Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu, Japan)

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)

Abstract. Egra S, Kuspradini H, Kusuma IW, Batubara I, Imra, Nurjannah, Wahyuni E, Yamauchi K, Mitsunaga T. 2023. Potential of prospective medicinal plants of Rhizophoraceaefrom North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1346-1355. The abundance of mangrove forests in the equatorial region necessitates proper management, including the sustainable use of plant parts for functional products such as food, medicine, etc. This study aimed to assess the medicinal potential of five mangrove plants through phytochemical analysis, antibacterial assays against Streptococcus sobrinus, DPPH free radicals, and toxicity assay using Artemia salina L., Bruguiera parviflora(Roxb.) Wight and Arn. ex Griff, Bruguiera cylindrica(L.) Blume, Ceriops tagal(Perr.). The plants used were Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob, Rhizophora mucronata Poir, and Rhizophora apiculata Blume. Plant samples were extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol in that order, and then the obtained plant extracts were subjected to various assays. The results showed that B. cylindrica wood and C. tagal leaf extract had the highest antibacterial activity, with more than 50% relative inhibition. The C. tagal leaf methanolic extract had the highest antioxidant activity, by 91% relative inhibition. Followed by R. mucronata wood ethyl acetate extract and B. parviflora leaf methanolic extract, with 87% and 86%, respectively. The highest value in the cytotoxicity assay was discovered in the B. cylindrica in the very strong category with an LC50value of 22.9 µg/mL. The present study revealed the potential of mangrove plant extracts to have strong antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antioxidant properties.