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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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Short Communication: Microscopic decay pattern of yellow meranti caused by white-rot fungus Phlebia brevispora ERWIN ERWIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170203

Abstract

Erwin. 2016. Microscopic decay pattern of yellow meranti (Shorea gibbosa) wood caused by white-rot fungus Plebia brevispora. Biodiversitas 17: 417-421. The anatomical changes of wood decaying by white-rot fungus Phlebia brevispora could provide the basis for evaluating and analysis of decay on yellow meranti (Shorea gibbosa) heartwood. By using soil-block test procedure of JIS K-1571 and microscopic analysis, a progressive decay in vitro of S. gibbosa wood caused by P. brevispora was well characterized.The percentage of wood weight loss was ranged from 0.91% to 12.34%in 2-12 weeks' incubation. On the first 6 weeks of incubation of S. gibbosa infected with P. brevispora, the early stages decay, in which pit erosion and slight erosion of cell walls facilitated by hyphal spreading among cells. The intermediate decay features of numerous and conspicuous holes as well as erosion troughs in cell walls were found after 8 weeks' incubation. Furthermore, complete degradation of wood cell components, defined as the advanced stage of decay, was found in some areas of wood after 12 weeks' incubation. The pattern of wood decay was similar to those of the decayed xylem of S. gibbosa stem canker in field conditions.
Diversity analysis and genetic potency identification of local rice cultivars in Penajam Paser Utara and Paser Districts, East Kalimantan NURHASANAH NURHASANAH; SADARUDDIN SADARUDDIN; WIDI SUNARYO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170201

Abstract

Nurhasanah, Sadaruddin, Sunaryo W. 2016. Diversity analysis and genetic potency identification of local rice cultivars in Penajam Paser Utara and Paser Districts, East Kalimantan. Biodiversitas 17: 401-408. Local rice cultivars provide genetic diversity in rice genepool that is very useful for rice breeding programs. Less is known about local rice genetic diversity in East Kalimantan, because their existence only depends on traditional cultivation and conservation by local farmers based on needs and tendencies towards certain varieties. According to the current exploration study conducted in Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) and Paser, the smallest districts in East Kalimantan, there were high genetic diversities of rice existed in that two districts. As many as 71 local rice cultivars were collected, consisted of 53 rice and 18 glutinous rice. Traits characterization showed that there were large variation of plant height (66 to 209.33 cm), culm number (1 to 41.67), culm diameter (0.23 to 1.03 cm), leaf length (39 to 108.33 cm), leaf width (0.83 to 2.67 cm), leaf angle (10 to 50 degree), ligule length (11 to 55 mm) and weight of ten seeds (0.13 to 0.40 gram) in the local rice population showing high phenotypic variations of agro-morphological traits in the population. A strong negative correlation between culm number (tiller) and culm diameter, leaf length as well as leaf width was observed, which indicated that culm number is few if the culm diameter is big, and the leaves are longer and wider. Genetic diversity analysis based on Agro-morphological characters clustered the cultivars in nine and four classes for rice populations in PPU and Paser districts, respectively. Pre-identification of the local rice genetic potencies showed some superior and potential traits which will be very useful for rice breeding programs to develop new superior rice varieties
Morphological, anatomical and isozyme variation among giant taro SURATMAN SURATMAN; ARI PITOYO; SEPTIANA KURNIASARI; SURANTO SURANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170204

Abstract

Suratman, Pitoyo A, Kurniasari S, Suranto. 2016. Morphological, anatomical and isozyme variation among giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhizos) accessions from Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 422-429. The objective of this study was to evaluate morphological, anatomical and isozyme variation among giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don) accessions from Central Java. Identification of morphological characters was done by direct observation of roots, leaves, stems, and corms. Anatomical characters were observed from both paradermal and transverse sections of leaf. Identification of biochemical markers was done by using peroxidase and esterase isozyme system. The genetic similarity among giant taro accessions was measured by using Group Average Clustering. The results of the analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for majority of the tested morphological and anatomical characters suggesting that there was a high degree of diversity among the giant taro accessions. Isozyme polymorphism was observed in giant taro accessions using peroxidase (two banding patterns) and esterase (four banding patterns). Based on the dendogram, giant taro accessions were segregated into two major clusters. In Cluster I, the closest relationship were showed in KTN 2 and WNG 1 accessions from Klaten and Wonogiri that had 80.95% of similarity coefficient. The five accessions (SKA, SKH, WNG 4, KRA 3, KRA 4) from Surakarta, Sukoharjo, Wonogiri and some parts of Karanganyar were clustered separately as Cluster II with similarity coefficient of 50%.
Soil and leaf nutrient status on growth of Macaranga gigantea in secondary forest after shifting cultivation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia DWI SUSANTO; DADDY RUCHIYAT; MAMAN SUTISNA; RUDIANTO AMIRTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170202

Abstract

Susanto D, Ruchiyat D, Sutisna M, Amirta R. 2016. Soil and leaf nutrient status on growth of Macaranga gigantea in secondary forest after shifting cultivation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 409-416. Macaranga gigantea is an important pioneer plant species in the tropical secondary forest of Kalimantan and as far the attractive wood species was not commercially cultivated. This study aims to determine the soil and nutrient status on growth of M. gigantea in the secondary forest particularly after shifting cultivation activity. For this purposes, the observation plots with 50m x 50m sizes were made and measured to collect the data of diameter, height, soil conditions and leaf nutrient concentrations -1 and 2.96 year -1 and it was gradually decreased until the 10 years old of plant. The negative correlations was observed from the soil nutrient K and growth of diameter and high of M. gigantea and this nutrient factor should be considered well when this species will be cultivated for the commercial purposes in the future.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism within the LDLR gene and responsiveness of cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) to atherogenic diet ACHMAD TAHER; DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN; SULISTIYANI SULISTIYANI; DONDIN SAJUTHI; DEWI APRI ASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170205

Abstract

Taher A, Solihin DD, Sulistiyani, Sajuthi D, Astuti DA. 2016. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism within the LDLR gene and responsiveness of cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) to atherogenic diet. Biodiversitas 17: 430-434. Genetic variation within low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene has been associated with normal variation of plasma lipid profiles and risks of coronary heart diseases (CHD) in human. Although cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is one of non-human primates commonly used as models in atherosclerosis research, little is known about the extent of polymorphism within the LDLR gene and its consequences on responsiveness to atherogenic diet. In this study, two regions of LDLR gene, namely exon 6 and intron 5, were sequenced in a sample of 22 male cynomolgus macaques which had differences in responsiveness to atherogenic diet. The objective of the study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within the LDLR gene and to evaluate the kinds of haplotypes in relation to the responsiveness of the cynomolgus macaque to atherogenic diet. Sequence analysis revealed that there were two SNPs at exon 6, i.e. IVS5-6C > G and 825C > G, which were distributed in 3 haplotypes, and five SNPs at intron 5, i.e. g.IVS5+99T > C, g.IVS5+173G > T, g.IVS5+327A > G, g.IVS5−96C > T, and g.IVS5−6C > G, which were distributed in 6 haplotypes. It was found that haplotype II (GC) at 6 base pairs prior to the exon 6 and haplotype III (CGGTG) within the intron 5 were associated with hyporesponsiveness to atherogenic diet. The results showed that potential SNP existed within the exon 6 and intron 5 can be used as genetic markers for selecting hypo- from hyperresponders. Keywords: Hyporesponsiveness, LDLR gene, Macaca fascicularis, SNP
The local knowledge of the rural people on species, role and hunting of birds: Case study in Karangwangi Village, West Java, Indonesia JOHAN ISKANDAR; BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT ISKANDAR; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170206

Abstract

Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Partasasmita R. 2016.The Local knowledge of the rural people on species, role, and hunting of birds: case study in Karangwangi village, Cidaun, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 435-446. Based on the ecological history, in the past many villages of in Indonesia including in West Java had a high diversity of birds. Nowadays, however, the diversity of birds in some villages of West Java has tended to decrease due to many factors, namely habitat loss, the use of pesticides, and intensive illegal bird hunting. The objective of this paper is to elucidate the local knowledge of Karangwangi village, West Java on species, role, and hunting of birds. Method used in this study is the qualitative and ethnoornithological approach with descriptive analysis. Results of study show that the Karangwangi people have a very good knowledge on bird species, particularly on level species/specific. Various bird species are traditionally classified into nine local categories (folk classification), namely based on distinctive voice/vocalization, morphological characteristic, special color, distinctive behavior, time activity, special common habitat, migrant, nest characteristics, and role in the ecosystem. Based on the rural people perception, the role of birds can be divided into two categories, namely notorious and beneficial birds. The diversity of rural birds has tended decrease over time due to various factors, including illegal bird hunting for various purposes of the village people, such as keep a bird in cages and bird trading. The study suggests the perception of rural people on birds have changed caused of socio-economic and cultural changes. Nowadays the bird hunting in the rural area has tended to shift from a purely subsistence form towards a more commercial form and, thus, to conserve bird species the study on ethnoornithology considered as a very important, and socio-economic and cultural rural people aspects might be integrated to national as well as international bird conservation programs.
Short Communication: Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative morphological characters of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) germplasm RULLY DYAH PURWATI; ANIK HERWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170209

Abstract

Purwati RD, Herwati A. 2016. Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative morphological characters of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) germplasm. Biodiversitas 17: 461-465. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) germplasm collection in ISFCRI was characterized aiming to distinguish the morphological characters of each genotype. Based on that information it would be possible to observe the diversity and to choose appropriate parent genotypes for successful hybridization. The investigation was carried out in the Pasirian Experimental Station, Lumajang District, East Java, Indonesia located at 110 m above the sea level (113° E, 8° S) in the 2015 growing season. Thirty-three germplasm accessions were characterized. Each accession was planted in 32 m² plot size with four lines. Fertilizer dose was 75 kg Nitrogen + 30 kg P2O5 + 30 kg K2O per ha. The results showed that the low variation value in some quantitative characters such as seed size, weight of 100 seeds, seeds thickness, plant height, leaf size, ray floret length, bract length, head diameter, the flowering time, and seed oil content. The qualitative characters exhibited high coefficient of variation values with only one exception-pollen formation in sunflower inflorescences. These results indicated that on the base of their qualitative morphological characters, sunflower accessions possessed high diversity. The seed size and seed thickness showed significant positive correlation with 100 seeds weight. These two characters might be used as selection criteria in sunflower breeding programs for appropriate screening of parental genotypes included in hybridizing process aiming the increase of plant productivity.
Mechanisms of antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance of fourteen soybean genotypes in response to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) APRI SULISTYO; ALFI INAYATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170207

Abstract

Sulistyo A, Inayati A. 2016. Mechanisms of antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance of fourteen soybean genotypes in response to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). Biodiversitas 17: 447-453. The attack of whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) in soybean cultivation in Indonesia is one of the limiting factors in increasing the national soybean production. Planting resistant varieties could reduce yield losses due to the damage caused by these pests. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of 14 soybean genotypes to the whiteflies. A free- choice and no-choice test was conducted in a green house to study the antixenosis and antibiosis. Meanwhile, field evaluation was conducted to determine the tolerance of soybean genotypes to the whiteflies. Determination of the resistance of soybean genotypes to whiteflies based on the intensity of leaf damage that occurs on fifth weeks after infestation. The results showed that in free-choice test, Gema, IAC-100/Kaba-6, Malabar/IAC-100-85, Kaba/IAC-100//Burangrang-60, and Kaba/IAC-100//Burangrang-63 showed antixenosis mechanism which correlates with length and low density of leaf trichomes as well as leaf thickness. In the no-choice test, antibiosis mechanism can be seen from the small number of adults that develop from nymphs. IAC-100/Kaba-8 and IAC-100/Kaba-14 showed a high degree of antibiosis. In addition, the results of field experiment showed that Gema, IAC-100/Kaba-14, and Tanggamus/Pangrango- 78 demonstrated a tolerance to whiteflies. It is shown on a slightly decreasing in yield of these three genotypes (17.33, 19.31, and 19.85%, respectively).
Short Communication: Morphological study of Fagraea ceilanica (Gentianaceae) in Mount Nglanggeran, Yogyakarta, Indonesia WIDODO WIDODO; MUHAMMAD JA’FAR LUTHFI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170208

Abstract

Widodo, Luthfi MJ. 2016. Morphological study of Fagraea ceilanica (Gentianaceae) in Mount Nglanggeran, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 454-460. Fagraea ceilanica Thunb. population were found in the Mount Nglanggeran in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Identification was based on the literature and herbarium specimens. The study was conducted through continued exploration and examination on specimen collection. The existence of F. ceilanica in Java was only described in Flora of Java by Backer and Bakuizen van den Brink (1965). Fagraea ceilanica is a liana climbing on large stone. Characteristic for initial identification were ovate to ellipsoid leaves which were opposite, thick and grayish green; bell-trumpet flower shape with flowering season around March and whitish to yellowish color and also 5-8 cm corolla tube. This paper presents important morphological character, namely leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits of F. ceilanica. Study on morphological character of F. ceilanica found on Mount Nglanggeran is needed to recognize its potential, benefit and conservation of this species.
Dendrochronology of young Swietenia macrophylla and the variation of its growth response to the past wet climate in Bengkulu, Indonesia AGUS SUSATYA; YANSEN YANSEN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170210

Abstract

Susatya A, Yansen. 2016. Dendrochronology of young Swietenia macrophylla and the variation of its growth response to the past wet climate in Bengkulu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 466-472. Dendrochronology had long been studied in temperate regions to know tree growth responses to the past climate, and to predict the future effects of climate change. In the wet tropics, dendrochronology studies were rarely carried out because of the lack of distinct annual growth rings or wide variation of growth ring forms. Our research was aimed to know the variations of width of growth rings, and growth response of young Big-Leaf Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) to the past wet climate in Bengkulu, Indonesia. Wood disc specimens of cross sections were collected from seven different mahogany trees from campus forest, University of Bengkulu, and then were dried, sanded, and digitally photographed. Growth rings were measured to the nearest 0.001 cm with ImageJ software. The annual ring width data were cross-dated visually by synchronizing and aligning the width patterns of all wood specimens. The results showed that the average of annual growth rings varied from 0.679 cm/year to 1.047 cm/year, and was not significantly different among trees. The width of growth ring of Big-Leaf Mahogany trees demonstrated periodicity through ages, and increased until 9 years old and then started to decline. Individual tree responded differently to climate through out the ages. In the stand level, the average annual growth ring was very sensitive to climate, and positively correlated to rainfall in the first six years, but was independent to rainfall in the past five years. It was speculated that local environments and ecological processes were attributed to obscure the influence of rainfall to the annual growth ring of the older stand.

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