Can cities provide butterfly-friendly habitats?

NURUL L. WINARNI (1Research Center for Climate Change, Universitas Indonesia. Laboratory of Multidisiplin FMIPA UI Building, 7th Floor, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, West Java, Indonesia. 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Ind)
NURULIAWATI NURULIAWATI (Tambora Muda Indonesia, Arimbi Conservation Integrated Office. Perumahan Bumi Indraprasta 1, Jl. Arimbi I No.7, Bogor 16153, West Java, Indonesia)
BHISMA G. ANUGRA (1Research Center for Climate Change, Universitas Indonesia. Laboratory of Multidisiplin FMIPA UI Building, 7th Floor, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, West Java, Indonesia. 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Ind)
ACHMAD R. JUNAID (Tambora Muda Indonesia, Arimbi Conservation Integrated Office. Perumahan Bumi Indraprasta 1, Jl. Arimbi I No.7, Bogor 16153, West Java, Indonesia)
SRI WIDAYANTI (SEAMEO BIOTRO (Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology). Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6, Bogor 16134, West Java, Indonesia)
ASLAN ASLAN (Hatfield Indonesia. Plaza Harmoni Unit B5-B7, Jl. Siliwangi No.46, Bondongan, South Bogor Sub-district, Bogor 16131, West Java, Indonesia)
AGUNG NUGROHO (Perumahan Dhaya Pesona A6 No.18, Jombang, Ciputat, South Tangerang 15414, Banten, Indonesia)
INDRAWAN MIGA (Semut-Semut The Natural School. Jl. Industri Kapal Dalam No.25A, Tugu, Cimanggis, Depok 16451, West Java, Indonesia)
MUHAMMAD B. KURNIAWAN (Jl. Kalibata Utara II No. 80, Kalibata, Pancoran, South Jakarta 12740, Jakarta, Indonesia)
MELLISSA LIESTANTI (11 Junior High School of Bogor. Jl. Jend. Sudirman, Sempur, Central Bogor, Bogor 16121, West Java, Indonesia)
RIZKA A. LUTFIANI (Secretariat of National Coordination Team for Marine Debris Handling. Jl. Gatot Subroto, Gelora, Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta 10270, Jakarta, Indonesia)
YULIA WULANDARI (Secretariat of National Coordination Team for Marine Debris Handling. Jl. Gatot Subroto, Gelora, Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta 10270, Jakarta, Indonesia)

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)

Abstract. Winarni NL, Nuruliawati, Anugra BG, Junaid AR, Widayanti S, Aslan, Nugroho A, Miga I, Kurniawan MB, Liestanti M, Lutfiani RA, Wulandari Y. 2023. Can cities provide butterfly-friendly habitats? Biodiversitas 24: 2334-2341. Cities are progressively changed over time, creating land use changes with reduced green space areas. On the other hand, urban habitats offer a range of opportunities for biodiversity including butterflies which also act as an ecological health indicator. In Indonesia, like Jakarta Greater Area, or the so-called Jabodetabek which comprised Jakarta and its satellite cities, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi, is highly urbanized. However, its capabilities to support the butterfly community are still little known. Thus, this paper aims to identify Jakarta Greater Area’s potential as urban habitat for butterflies through a citizen science approach namely KupuKita. The data were collected from June 2021 to November 2022. The survey used KupuKita platform, an online questionnaire established in 2021, which focused on three families, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, and Pieridae. Its species richness, diversity and community pattern were analyzed consecutively by using Shannon-Wiener and Simpson’s Index. Next, the results were also analyzed towards the vegetation strata (grasses, shrubs, and trees) as observed during the data collection. The results suggested that Jakarta, Tangerang, and Bekasi have the least diverse butterfly community in comparison to Depok and Bogor. The butterfly community in Depok and Bogor was similar, both high in richness and diversity. Such similarity was potentially due to the wide arrays of remaining habitats that supported butterfly communities in three strata. The shrubs support more species richness rather than other strata. Bogor and Depok were potentially support more species in all three strata. Hence, because of the closely plant-butterfly relationships, vegetation interventions are crucial to increase the complexity of vegetation and create a butterfly-friendly habitat.