Quality and fatty acid profiles of fish oil from tuna by-products extracted using a dry-rendering method

HEDER DJAMALUDIN (Program Study of Fish Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya ¬. Jl. Veteran No. 1, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
TITIK DWI SULISTIYATI (Program Study of Fish Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya ¬. Jl. Veteran No. 1, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
ANIES CHAMIDAH (Program Study of Fish Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya ¬. Jl. Veteran No. 1, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
PUTRI NURASHIKIN (Program Study of Fish Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya ¬. Jl. Veteran No. 1, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
MIFTAHUR ROIFAH (Program Study of Fish Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya ¬. Jl. Veteran No. 1, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
HARTOYO NOTONEGORO (Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, Universitas Bangka Belitung. Balunijuk, Merawang, Bangka 33126, Bangka Belitung, Indonesia)
PAMUNGKAS RIZKI FERDIAN (Research Center for Applied Zoology, Nasional Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia. Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia)

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)

Abstract. Djamaludin H, Sulistiyati TD, Chamidah A, Nurashikin P, Roifah M, Notonegoro H, Ferdian PR. 2023. Quality and fatty acid profiles of fish oil from tuna by-products extracted using a dry-rendering method. Biodiversitas 24: 5757-5763. Tuna is an export commodity with a high-fat content, making it a valuable source of fish oil. However, a substantial portion of tuna, including viscera, eyes, and liver, some parts are underutilized, leading to waste. The study aims to determine the impact of extraction temperature (50°C, 60°C, and 70°C) on the yield, peroxide value, free fatty acids (%), p-anisidine value, and total oxidation value of the extracted oil from tuna (Euthynnus sp.) by-products. This research used the dry-rendering method to extract crude oil from tuna by-products and analyze quality characteristics and fatty acids. The results from the proximate value indicated that the crude lipid content in tuna by-products ranged from 13.03% to 19.01%. Extraction temperature significantly affected the yield, with the highest yield at 70°C correlating with the highest lipid content in innards. The lowest peroxide value is obtained from an extraction temperature of 50°C from all parts of tuna by-products, ranging from 2.01 to 2.09 meq/kg. Free fatty acid (%) levels in this study met the International Fish Oil Standards (IFOS), and different temperature treatments had a significant effect (P<0.05). The lowest value of p-anisidine, 6.11 meq/kg, was obtained from an extraction temperature of 50°C for innards samples, and the p-anisidine value increased with temperature, reflecting secondary oxidation products. The total oxidation lowest value was obtained from extraction at 50°C (14.84 meq/kg) from viscera by IFOS (?20 meq/kg), and it was within acceptable limits. The fatty acid profile of the crude extract of tuna by-product oil resulting from extraction at a temperature of 50°C, where extraction results at 50°C obtained a fatty acid profile of saturated fatty acids>mono-unsaturated fatty acids>polyunsaturated fatty acids, with significant levels of omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.