Indonesian Journal of Health Science
Vol 6 No 2 (2026)

The role of strategic planning in improving the effectiveness of healthcare systems: A literature review

Nirna Dwi Anggraini (Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta)
Donna Ndari Santoso Putri (Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta)
Heri Iswanto (Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta)



Article Info

Publish Date
04 Jun 2026

Abstract

Healthcare services are a crucial component in improving public health, yet their effectiveness still faces various challenges, such as service quality, resource efficiency, and patient satisfaction. One approach that can be used to address these issues is strategic planning a systematic process for effectively and efficiently establishing organizational goals and strategies. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing 10 relevant scientific articles on strategic planning in healthcare. The findings indicate that strategic planning plays a crucial role in enhancing the effectiveness of healthcare services, particularly in human resource management, service quality improvement, and organizational performance. The implementation of appropriate strategies, such as SWOT analysis, human resource competency development, and the optimization of facilities and infrastructure, has proven effective in improving service quality and patient satisfaction. However, the implementation of strategic planning still faces challenges, including budget constraints, a lack of continuous training, and the uneven distribution of healthcare personnel. Additionally, the effectiveness of strategies is influenced by the comprehensiveness of performance indicators and the evaluation systems used. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen data-driven strategic planning, enhance human resource competencies, and improve facilities and infrastructure to support the effectiveness of healthcare services.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijhs

Publisher

Subject

Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

Description

Indonesian Journal of Health Science is a place for disseminating research results in the field of health, including, but not limited to topics of public health, environmental health, occupational health, pharmacy, nutrition, epidemiology, medical laboratories, physiotherapy, or other general ...