<![CDATA[This research is driven by the high salinity of seawater, which limits its use as a clean water source, necessitating eco-friendly desalination technology,. The objective was to synthesize a composite membrane based on chitosan (CS), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and silica (SiO₂) and evaluate its effectiveness in seawater desalination,. The research employed a solution casting technique using 0.15 g chitosan, 0.05 g CMC, and 0.05 g silica, which were mixed homogeneously and dried at room temperature,. The results showed successful membrane formation with Si–O–Si and Si–O–C chemical bonds and electrostatic interactions between the polymers,. SEM analysis revealed a relatively homogeneous surface, while EDX confirmed a silicon composition of 2.23%,,. Desalination tests demonstrated a drastic reduction in TDS from 38,000 mg/L to meet clean water standards, with salinity dropping to 3.138 ppt and a stable pH of 7.8,. It is concluded that the CS-CMC/SiO₂ composite membrane is an effective and sustainable solution for seawater desalination in accordance with Permenkes No. 2 of 2023.]]>
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