Syntax Idea
Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Syntax Idea

Implementation of Graph Coloring With Region Coloring on the Sulut-Go Map Using the Welch Powell Algorithm

Excel Muhammad Hendri (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia)
Lailany Yahya (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia)
Nisky Imansyah Yahya (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
20 Feb 2026

Abstract

Graph coloring is a technique for assigning colors to vertices so that no two adjacent vertices share the same color. This study implements region coloring on the map of North Sulawesi and Gorontalo (Sulut-Go) using the Welch-Powell algorithm, a method based on the highest vertex degree. The research employs a quantitative-descriptive approach with an algorithmic experimental method. Administrative region data and regional boundary connections in the Sulut-Go provinces are converted into graph form, with regencies/cities as vertices and connecting roads as edges. The procedures include data collection, graph construction, degree calculation, coloring using the Welch-Powell algorithm, and chromatic number determination. The results show that the Sulut-Go map consists of 18 regencies/cities represented as vertices. After implementing the Welch-Powell algorithm, the graph coloring produced a chromatic number of χ(G) = 3, meaning all regions can be colored using only three different colors. The coloring was applied with red, yellow, and green, ensuring that no adjacent regions share the same color. Vertex V15 (Minahasa) has the highest degree, with five connections. This study successfully demonstrates that the Welch-Powell algorithm effectively solves the region-coloring problem on the Sulut-Go map. In conclusion, graph coloring using the Welch-Powell algorithm can be effectively applied to color regional maps, facilitating visual distinction between adjacent areas. The chromatic number χ(G) = 3 indicates the minimum number of colors needed for the Sulut-Go map. This research contributes to the application of graph theory in cartography. Further research is recommended for larger-scale applications such as islands or countries, as well as for edge coloring and social network analysis.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

syntax-idea

Publisher

Subject

Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT

Description

Syntax Idea. Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Ridwan Institute. Syntax Idea akan menerbitkan artikel-artikel ilmiah dalam cakupan bidang ilmu umum. Artikel yang dimuat adalah artikel hasil penelitian, kajian atau telaah ilmiah kritis dan komprehensif atas isu penting dan ...