<![CDATA[This study was motivated by the low literacy and numeracy skills of children aged 4-5 years at English Pop Tutoring Center in Palembang City. The research aimed to determine the improvement of children’s early reading, writing, and arithmetic skills through the use of instructional video media and concrete learning media in the form of wooden sticks. This study employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles involving 18 children as research subjects. Data were collected through observation and tests, then analyzed descriptively. The findings revealed that instructional video media and concrete media were effective in improving children’s literacy and numeracy abilities. The Wilcoxon test results showed significance values of 0.000 in Cycle 1 and 0.025 in Cycle 2 (<0.05), indicating a significant improvement in children’s literacy and numeracy skills after the implementation of the learning interventions.]]>
Copyrights © 2026
