<![CDATA[Research proposals and activity proposals are planning documents that play an important role in the implementation of research and various activities. Although both serve as planning and communication tools, they differ in terms of objectives, structure, content, and orientation. This study aims to analyze the similarities and differences between research proposals and activity proposals and to examine the urgency of mastering proposal structures for the development of students' academic competence. The study employed a literature review method by collecting and analyzing relevant scientific sources related to the concepts, structures, and functions of proposals. The results indicate that research proposals and activity proposals share similarities as systematic planning documents written in formal language and containing clear objectives and benefits. However, they differ in orientation, structure, content, target audience, and the use of scientific references. Furthermore, mastery of proposal structures contributes to the development of students' academic competence, including systematic thinking skills, academic writing skills, scientific writing abilities, research readiness, and preparation for thesis and final project completion. Therefore, mastery of research proposal and activity proposal structures should be developed as a fundamental competence in higher education to support students' academic success.]]>
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