Improving Science Learning Outcomes on Energy and its Changes through Audio Visual Media Assisted Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model for Fourth-Grade Elementary School Students

Putri Angriani (State University of Gorontalo)
Meylan saleh (State University of Gorontalo)
Gamar Abdullah (State University of Gorontalo)
Rifda Mardian Arif (State University of Gorontalo)
Vicka muniati Arifin (State University of Gorontalo)

Journal of Education and Teaching Learning
Vol.4 No.1 July (2026)

This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN 7 Dungaliyo in Natural Sciences (IPA), specifically on Energy and Its Changes material. This issue was driven by the abstract nature of the topic and a teacher-centered learning environment that lacked varied learning media. This study aimed to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN 7 Dungaliyo through the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by audio-visual media. The research design employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) based on the Hopkins model, conducted in two cycles. Each cycle encompassed four major phases: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of this research were all 18 fourth-grade students at SDN 7 Dungaliyo, Gorontalo Regency, during the 2025/2026 academic year, consisting of 12 male and 6 female students. Data collection techniques included observation of teacher and student activities, multiple-choice written evaluation tests, and classroom documentation. The gathered data were analyzed descriptively using percentage techniques. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in student learning outcomes across the cycles. In the pre-action baseline condition, the classical mastery reached only 34% (6 students) meeting the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM 70). Following the implementation of Cycle I, the student learning mastery percentage increased slightly to 39% (7 students), which still fell short of the targeted classical success indicator. Reflective improvements were made in Cycle II by enhancing the interactivity of audio-visual media and group engagement. The evaluation in Cycle II revealed a substantial surge in classical mastery, reaching 83% (15 students) who successfully met the Learning Objectives Achievement Criteria (KKTP). The mastery growth from Cycle I to Cycle II was recorded at 44%. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by audio-visual media is highly effective in improving science learning outcomes on Energy and Its Changes for fourth-grade students at SDN 7 Dungaliyo, Gorontalo Regency.