<![CDATA[This research investigates the effectiveness of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) oriented learning implemented through e-modules on chemical reaction topics in improving junior high school students’ critical thinking skills. The study employed a quantitative method using a quasi-experimental design and involved 139 junior high school students from Tegal Regency, Indonesia. The developed e-module integrates chemical reaction concepts with real-life sustainability issues at the local level, including waste management and water pollution. Students’ critical thinking skills were measured using pre-test and post-test instruments, and the data were analyzed through gain score analysis and inferential statistical testing. The findings reveal a significant improvement in students’ critical thinking abilities after the implementation of ESD-based e-modules. These results indicate that e-modules integrating ESD principles are effective learning media for enhancing students’ analytical, evaluative, and inferential thinking in science education. Consequently, ESD-based e-modules can be considered a viable instructional alternative to improve the quality of science learning at the junior high school level.]]>
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