DEVELOPMENT OF DISCOVERY LEARNING-BASED E-LKPD FOR GRADE XI NERVOUS SYSTEM TO TRAIN CRITICAL THINKING, COMMUNICATION, AND COLLABORATION

Chelsea Aulia Salsabilla (Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Raharjo Raharjo (Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Erlix Rakhmad Purnama (Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya)

Eduproxima : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan IPA
Vol 8, No 3 (2026)

In the 21st century, 4C skills (creativity, communication, collaboration, and critical thinking) are essential for students to address various challenges through education. These skills can be developed through the use of electronic student worksheets (E-LKPD). This study aimed to develop a Discovery Learning-based E-LKPD on the Nervous System topic that is suitable for training critical reasoning, communication, and collaboration among Grade XI high school students. The E-LKPD was developed using the 4D development model and was tested in a limited trial involving 15 Grade XI students at SMA Islam Shafta Surabaya. The results showed that the E-LKPD was highly valid (96%), highly practical based on the learning implementation score (98%) and positive student responses (92%), and effective in improving critical reasoning with an average N-Gain score of 0.81. In addition, communication and collaboration skills achieved percentages of 95% and 97%, respectively. Based on these findings, the Discovery Learning-based E-LKPD on the Nervous System topic for Grade XI students was considered suitable for training critical reasoning, communication, and collaboration in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness.