The social and cultural transformation of contemporary society presents significant challenges to Islamic thought that need to be responded to constructively and adaptively. This study aims to examine the reconstruction of Islamic thought as an effort to respond to the rapidly changing socio-cultural dynamics of the modern era. The method employed is a systematic literature review with a critical hermeneutic approach to classical and contemporary Islamic thought texts. The results show that the reconstruction of Islamic thought requires an integrative approach that combines universal Islamic values with contemporary social realities without sacrificing fundamental principles of faith. This reconstruction encompasses the reformulation of ijtihad, methodological renewal of tafsir, and reinterpretation of social fiqh that is responsive to the changing times. The study concludes that contemporary Islamic thought must be dialogical, inclusive, and progressive to address the challenges of global cultural transformation..
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