Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September

Menopause and the opportunity for early cardio-renal-metabolic prevention

Eddy Anggiat (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Trishna Trishna (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Johanna Fransiska Wijaya (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Syamsul Arifin Nasution (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Adek Amansyah (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Mangatas Silaen (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Ibnu Sina (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Almira Wilonna (Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Chairul Radjab Nasution (Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Ikhsan Amanda Putra (Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Rendi Dwi Prasetyo (Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Imelda Ferendina (Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Prima Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
28 Jul 2026

Abstract

The cardio-renal-metabolic syndrome is a systemic pathological entity that reflects complex interactions among obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. In women, cardio-renal-metabolic risk increases markedly with age, and the menopausal transition functions as a key catalyst due to loss of the cardiometabolic protective effects of estrogen. The cardio-renal-metabolic syndrome is a systemic pathological entity that reflects complex interactions among obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. In women, cardio-renal-metabolic risk increases markedly with age, and the menopausal transition functions as a key catalyst due to loss of the cardiometabolic protective effects of estrogen. This review examines the pathophysiologic mechanisms by which the menopausal transition promotes cardio-renal-metabolic and evaluates menopause as a critical window for preventive intervention. Declining estradiol levels during menopause drive redistribution of adipose tissue toward visceral depots, increased insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These changes promote progression from an absence of risk factors to more advanced clinical states. Timing-based hypotheses suggest that aggressive interventions initiated early in the menopausal transition confer maximal cardiometabolic benefit and may prevent irreversible end-organ damage. In conclusion, menopause is not merely a reproductive aging event but a crucial period for systemic risk modification that requires an integrated approach to interrupt the progression of cardio-renal-metabolic in women.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

bulkesprima

Publisher

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

Description

Media publikasi ilmiah di bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan yang terbit dua kali dalam setahun yaitu pada bulan Maret dan September. Berisi tulisan hasil penelitian lapangan atau laboratorium maupun studi pustaka dari bidang ilmu seperti kedokteran klinis, kedokteran tropis, kedokteran gigi, biomedis, ...