JURNAL MANAJEMEN MOTIVASI
Vol 22 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Manajemen Motivasi

Trade Openness and Environmental Pressure on Agribusiness Sustainability in ASEAN-5 Emerging Economies

Annisa Rahayu (Unknown)
Taufiq Marwa (Unknown)
Imam Asngari (Unknown)

Article Info

Publish Date
17 Aug 2026

Abstract

This study examines how environmental pressure, trade openness and agricultural employment relate to agribusiness sustainability in the ASEAN-5 over 2002–2024. A balanced panel of 115 country-year observations is estimated using Fixed Effects, FE-EGLS, FMOLS as the main model, and DOLS as a robustness check. Trade openness is negative and agricultural employment positively associated with agribusiness sustainability in all four specifications. Agricultural carbon emissions carry a negative coefficient throughout but lose significance under DOLS and are therefore sensitive to the estimator. The findings suggest that excessive trade liberalisation may weaken domestic agribusiness resilience, while agricultural labour remains important for food security. Keywords: Agribusiness Sustainability; Trade Openness; Agricultural Emissions; ASEAN-5; Panel Cointegration; FMOLS

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Journal Info
JURNAL MANAJEMEN MOTIVASI
Website

Abbrev

jm_motivasi

Publisher

Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak

Subject

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Description

Jurnal Manajemen Motivasi (JMM) adalah Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak yang diterbitkan secara berkala 2 (dua) kali dalam satu tahun (Juni dan Oktober) sebagai sarana untuk menyebarluaskan hasil penelitian dan ilmu pengetahuan di bidang ilmu manajemen ...