<![CDATA[Phonological errors in the pronunciation of the Hijaiyah letters remain a common problem amongst participants in Qur’anic recitation improvement courses, particularly within the ‘ummahat’ group. The aim of this study is to examine the classification of pronunciation errors of the Hijaiyah letters from a phonological perspective, to classify the causal factors, and to identify strategies for addressing these errors. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research subjects comprised three respondents from a pre-tahsin class, selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out through audio documentation in the form of voice recordings (voice notes) whilst reading surahs from the Qur’an. The data were analysed using aqualitative descriptive method based on the science of Ashwat. The findings of this study indicatethat phonological errors are most prevalent in the phonemes of the letters ع, ض, ذ, ق, ث and ح, with the letter ض presenting the most significant pronunciation problem, as all respondents mistakenly pronounced it as the letter ظ. 2 There are three factors causing these errors, namely: phonological interference from the mother tongue, age, and a lack of understanding of articulation. A study of Ashwat, utilising the concepts of makharijul huruf and sifatul huruf, has proven capable of identifying and classifying errors more accurately than general linguistics.]]>
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