<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the effect of using plastic balls on underhand passing skills in volleyball among the SDN Giwangretno volleyball team. The research was motivated by the low underhand passing ability of students, indicated by their difficulty in performing the movement correctly, discomfort when using standard volleyballs, and lack of enthusiasm for practice. Plastic balls were selected as an alternative learning medium because they are lighter, softer, and more suitable for elementary school students. This study used a quantitative approach with an experimental method to examine differences in underhand passing ability before and after the treatment. The expected result of this study is to contribute to physical education learning, especially volleyball instruction, and to provide a more effective and enjoyable learning alternative for elementary school students.]]>
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