<![CDATA[Malalayang District is one of the activity centers in Manado City, encompassing offices, educational institutions, as well as trade and service sectors. The high volume of vehicle mobility in this area has led to frequent traffic congestion across most road segments, primarily due to limited parking space and widespread on-street parking. This study aims to analyze the spatial relationship between traffic congestion and the distribution of on-street parking, as well as other potential contributing factors. The Space Syntax method is applied to map the connection between spatial configuration and community activities. The results indicate that on-street parking is a major contributing factor to congestion, especially on roads with high closeness centrality values. Therefore, the development of off-street parking facilities and integrated spatial planning policies are urgently needed to improve traffic flow in the area.]]>
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