<![CDATA[Deepfake pornography uses artificial-intelligence-based manipulation to create synthetic sexual images or videos that may portray an identifiable person without that person ever participating in the depicted conduct. This working framework examines the criminal liability of persons who disseminate such content under Indonesian criminal law. The proposed research design is normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The core argument to be developed is that Indonesia does not yet rely on a single deepfake-specific offence; liability must instead be constructed through the interaction of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Sexual Violence Crime Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, the Pornography Law, and the National Criminal Code, which has been effective since 2 January 2026. The key legal issues are the elements of intentional electronic dissemination, the absence of right or consent, the sexual or pornographic nature of the material, the use of a victim’s biometric or identity data, and the rules governing overlapping offences. The final manuscript should test these propositions against the latest statutory text, judicial practice, and victim-centred scholarship before drawing a definitive conclusion.]]>
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