<![CDATA[The rapid development of information technology has significantly increased online buying and selling transactions in Indonesia, which has also led to various legal issues, particularly breaches of contract between sellers and buyers. The digital nature of these transactions, involving electronic systems and third parties such as marketplace platforms, creates additional complexity in dispute resolution. This study aims to analyze the legal regulation of breach of contract in online sale and purchase agreements based on Indonesian civil law, examine the mechanisms used to resolve such disputes, and assess their effectiveness in practice. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, with data derived from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, supported by the analysis of 10 to 15 court decisions selected through purposive sampling, as well as literature study and in-depth interviews. The findings indicate that the resolution of breach of contract cases in online transactions still relies on general civil law principles, with certain adaptations to digital aspects such as electronic evidence and the involvement of marketplace platforms. However, in practice, there are variations in judicial considerations, particularly regarding evidentiary strength and the legal construction of the parties’ relationship, which suggests challenges in achieving consistency and legal certainty. This study contributes to the development of civil law in the digital era by providing a more contextual understanding of dispute resolution in online transactions and is expected to serve as a reference for legal practitioners, academics, and policymakers in formulating more adaptive and responsive legal frameworks. ]]>
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