<![CDATA[Muthola’ah instruction is a form of Arabic language learning that plays a crucial role in enhancing the reading skills (maharah qirā’ah) of students (santri) in pesantren (Islamic boarding school) environments. This study aims to describe the implementation of muthola’ah instruction for third-year Madrasah Tsanawiyah students at the Al-Hasyimiyah Modern Pesantren in Tebing-Tinggi, covering lesson planning, implementation, and evaluation. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using an interactive analysis technique comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The results indicate that muthola’ah instruction is conducted in a structured manner, supported by teacher competence, the pesantren environment, and the availability of teaching materials. Nevertheless, the instruction faces several challenges, such as disparities in students' Arabic proficiency, limited vocabulary mastery, and a lack of variety in teaching methods. Overall, muthola’ah instruction contributes positively to improving Arabic reading skills and fostering discipline and a sense of responsibility among students. This study is expected to serve as a basis for evaluating and developing *muthola’ah* instruction in modern pesantren. ]]>
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