<![CDATA[Risk culture plays a crucial role in shaping organizational behavior related to risk identification, assessment, and mitigation. This study examines the dimensions of risk culture and their impact on the effectiveness of risk management practices in Indonesian financial institutions. Using a quantitative approach based on survey data collected from 150 risk management officials and senior managers at various commercial banks and non-bank financial institutions, this study employs structural equation modeling to test the relationships among the components of risk culture (risk awareness, risk communication, accountability, and leadership commitment), risk management effectiveness, and organizational performance. The findings indicate that a strong risk culture significantly enhances risk management effectiveness, particularly through leadership commitment and open risk communication. Risk awareness and accountability also demonstrate positive but moderated effects. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from an emerging market context and offering practical implications for regulators and financial institutions seeking to strengthen their risk governance frameworks. These findings underscore the need for sustained cultural interventions rather than relying solely on formal risk policies and procedures.]]>
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