Mengukur Capaian dan Identifikasi Konvergensi Pembangunan Infrastruktur Antarprovinsi di Indonesia

Arumnisaa', Ressa Isnaini
Yuniasih, Aisyah Fitri

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Indonesia’s economic challenges are characterized by stagnant economic growth and regional development disparities. This study analyzes the achievement and convergence of infrastructure development across provinces in Indonesia during 2011–2021 through the construction of an Infrastructure Development Index (IPI). The study employs panel data from 33 provinces, using factor analysis to construct the IPI and the First Difference Generalized Method of Moments (FD-GMM) to examine convergence and its determinants. The results show that many provinces still have IDI scores below the national average. Furthermore, the FD-GMM model shows that σ-convergence and β-convergence occur in Indonesia. In addition, GRDP per capita, inflation, and credit positively affect infrastructure development, while capital depreciation has a negative effect.