<![CDATA[Centrifugal pumps are widely used to transport water, oil, and other fluids in industrial and utility systems, making pump performance an important consideration in system design and maintenance. This experimental study evaluates the performance characteristics of a single centrifugal pump under two unidirectional piping configurations, namely three elbows and five elbows. Testing was conducted in the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB using a 1-inch PVC pipe installation equipped with a flow meter, pressure gauge, ammeter, and voltmeter. The analysis covered flow velocity, discharge, static head, friction head loss, elbow head loss, total head, and electrical power. The three-elbow system produced a discharge of 530 L/h, pressure of 0.14 MPa, current of 22 A, voltage of 230 V, and power of 50.6 W. The five-elbow system produced 420 L/h, 0.10 MPa, 27 A, 260 V, and 70.2 W. The results indicate that additional elbows increase hydraulic losses, reduce discharge and pressure, and increase electrical power requirements, supporting simpler piping layouts for more efficient pump operation. These findings provide practical guidance for minimizing unnecessary bends in centrifugal pump installations.]]>
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