<![CDATA[This research will uncover the structural weaknesses of the Mahkamah Kehormatan Dewan (MKD) that hinder its internal oversight function within the DPR, while proposing the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Ethics as a model for strengthening the MKD. Employing a normative legal approach with a comparative law method, this study analyzes the regulations of the DPR Honor Court against the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Ethics. The U.S. Senate Select Committee on Ethics model provides a concrete blueprint for structural reform of Indonesia's MKD to address systemic weaknesses, including its 100% factional composition and lack of transparency. The proposed hybrid reform adopts the bipartisan principles of the Senate Ethics Committee by establishing a new MKD comprising nine members: five from DPR factions proportionally, and four independent professionals from constitutional law academics, former constitutional judges, or political ethics experts, selected through open DPR screening with Judicial Commission approval as an independence filter. An Office of Parliamentary Ethics (OPE) would be formed as a public complaint screening body akin to the Office of Congressional Ethics (OCE), staffed by seven non-partisan professionals with initial 60-day investigative authority before referral to the MKD. This transformation elevates the MKD from a politicized factional formality to a credible internal oversight pillar, where public censure sanctions and expulsion recommendations can be effectively executed without political vetoes, thereby strengthening presidential checks and balances in Indonesia's semi-parliamentary system post-MD3 Law]]>
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