<![CDATA[Schools play an important role in supporting students’ academic, social, and personal development. However, an instrument specifically designed to assess students’ perceptions of the broader educational and developmental functions mandated by Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 of 2010 remains unavailable. This study aimed to develop and conduct an initial psychometric evaluation of the Students’ Perceived School Functioning Scale for Indonesian senior high school students. The initial instrument consisted of 55 items developed based on the six functions specified in the regulation and refined through a focus group discussion with educational stakeholders. Data were collected from 431 students across 19 senior high schools in Jambi City. Exploratory factor analysis using principal axis factoring and Promax rotation, with factor retention guided by parallel analysis, supported a six-factor solution. Following item refinement, 38 items were retained. The overall scale demonstrated good internal consistency, although reliability varied across the extracted factors. The empirical composition of the factors did not clearly reproduce the six theoretically proposed domains, and the clustering of favorable and unfavorable items suggested a possible wording-related method effect. These findings provide preliminary psychometric evidence for the scale while indicating the need for further item refinement and validation using independent and more diverse samples.]]>
Copyrights © 2026
