<![CDATA[Elementary school students’ understanding of energy concepts remains limited due to their abstract nature and the lack of contextual learning experiences. In basic chemistry education, the concepts of energy conversion and electrochemistry are important for introducing the relationship between energy and electron transfer. This study aimed to develop STEM-based solar-powered robotics learning media and examine its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in facilitating students’ understanding of energy conversion and basic electrochemistry concepts. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model. The product was validated by subject matter and media experts and tested using a one-group pretest–posttest design involving 20 elementary school students. Data were analyzed using validity percentages, student response questionnaires, paired-sample t-test, and N-gain analysis. The results showed that the developed media was highly feasible, with validation scores of 88% from subject matter experts and 83% from media experts. Student responses reached an average percentage of 82.5%, indicating that the media was practical for classroom use. The average score increased from 48.25 in the pretest to 83.75 in the posttest, with an N-gain value of 0.70 (high category). Students also demonstrated an initial understanding of electron transfer in generating electric current within solar panels. Therefore, the developed media was found to be valid, practical, and effective in facilitating students’ understanding of energy conversion and basic electrochemistry concepts.]]>
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