<![CDATA[Aquaponics is a cultivation system that integrates fish and plants into a mutually beneficial ecosystem. This study aims to design and develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based aquaponics system powered by a Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy system as the primary energy source. The system employs an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with pH, DHT22, LDR, and MQ-135 sensors to monitor system conditions in real time through the Blynk application. The experimental results showed that the pH sensor achieved an average error of 0.28%, while the DHT22 sensor provided reliable temperature and humidity measurements. In addition, the LDR and MQ-135 sensors successfully responded to changes in light intensity and ammonia concentration under different testing conditions. The photovoltaic system produced a maximum output power of 48 W, which was sufficient to supply the electrical demand of the aquaponics system. These results indicate that the proposed system is capable of real-time monitoring while utilizing renewable solar energy as an independent power source, making it a promising solution for efficient and environmentally sustainable aquaponics management.]]>
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