Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026)

Staphylococcus aureus Carriage Patterns and Detection on Mobile Phones among Preclinical Medical Students

Vincentia Amaranggana Zebada Susanto (Medical Doctor Profession Education Study Program, School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya)
Putri Maharani Salsa Bilatussalama (Medical Doctor Profession Education Study Program, School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya)
Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitria Dewi (Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya)
Lyndia Effendy (Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya)
Lidya Handayani (Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Aug 2026

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus commonly colonizes human skin and mucous membranes as a commensal organism, but under certain conditions, colonization may act as a precursor to infection. This study aims to analyze the patterns of Staphylococcus aureus colonization across various body sites in 43 preclinical medical students. Swab samples were collected from the oropharynx, nasal cavity, and hands, and Staphylococcus aureus was identified by culture.  Additionally, the mobile phones (as potential fomites) of colonized participants were tested for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus. Out of the 43 participants, 31 (72%) were found to have Staphylococcus aureus colonization, either in the nose, oropharynx, or hands. The colonization rates were 26% (11/43) in the nose, 63% (27/43) in the oropharynx, and 19% (8/43) on the hands. Among those with nasal colonization, 9 (82%) also had colonization at other sites, while 2 (18%) were exclusively colonized in the nose.  Of the 27 with oropharyngeal colonization, 12 (44%) had colonization at additional sites, and 15 (56%) were colonized solely in the oropharynx. Of the 8 with hand colonization, 7 (89%) exhibited colonization in other body sites, while 1 (11%) had it only on the hands. Furthermore, of the 31 colonized participants, Staphylococcus aureus was detected on 3 (9.7%) of their mobile phones. This study underscores the high prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus colonization among preclinical medical students and the potential for bacterial detection on personal items such as mobile phones, highlighting the importance of personal hygiene education and infection prevention even among non-clinical populations.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

IJTID

Publisher

Subject

Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Description

This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and ...