<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the need for developing interactive e-modules within the Discovery Learning model in electrical learning. This study used a qualitative method involving teachers and 12th-grade students majoring in Motorcycle Engineering at SMK Negeri 8 Bandung. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and questionnaires to identify learning conditions, student difficulties, and the need for innovative teaching materials. The results showed that the current learning process still relies on simple-word-based e-modules and lecture methods, resulting in low student engagement and difficulty in understanding abstract electrical concepts such as electrical circuits and current analysis. Approximately 70% of students were active during learning activities, while the rest tended to be passive. Both teachers and students expressed the need for more interactive teaching materials equipped with multimedia features such as animation, video, illustrations, and interactive exercises. The integration of the Discovery Learning model is considered capable of encouraging active, independent, and student-centered learning. Therefore, the development of interactive e-modules within the Discovery Learning model is needed to improve conceptual abilities, learning motivation, and the quality of the learning process in vocational education.]]>
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