<![CDATA[Objective: This study aims to analyze the legal regulation of the digital economy in financial technology in Indonesia, the effectiveness of existing regulations, consumer legal protection, as well as challenges and the ideal concept for strengthening fintech regulations in the future. Method: This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources analyzed qualitatively. Results: The results indicate that fintech regulation in Indonesia has been supported by various legal instruments, including Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection, Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning Financial Sector Development and Strengthening, as well as regulations issued by the Financial Services Authority and Bank Indonesia. Based on the Theory of Legal Certainty, these regulations have provided legal certainty for both providers and consumers, although there remain issues related to regulatory overlap and legal gaps concerning emerging technologies. Based on the Theory of Legal Effectiveness, the effectiveness of fintech regulation is still challenged by illegal online lending activities, personal data breaches, cybercrime, and low levels of digital financial literacy. Based on the Theory of Legal Protection, consumer protection has been implemented through preventive and repressive mechanisms; however, stronger measures are still needed in personal data protection and supervision of fintech providers. Novelty: This study concludes that strengthening fintech regulation requires regulatory harmonization, enhancement of the regulatory sandbox mechanism, stronger personal data protection, regulation of Artificial Intelligence in digital financial services, and the improvement of digital financial literacy through collaboration among the government, the Financial Services Authority, Bank Indonesia, and higher education institutions.]]>
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