<![CDATA[This study examines the legal regulation of facilitating sexual intercourse as a livelihood under Article 421 of the Indonesian Criminal Code and the legal objectives of increasing the applicable punishment by one-third. This study employed normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials comprised primary sources, including the Indonesian Criminal Code, Human Rights Law, and Child Protection Law, as well as secondary sources consisting of books, journal articles, and relevant legal literature. The materials were qualitatively examined using descriptive-analytical methods. The results demonstrate that Article 421 does not constitute an independent criminal offense but serves as a sentencing aggravation for offenses under Articles 419 and 420 when committed habitually or for profit as a livelihood. This aggravation reflects the offender’s greater culpability and the broader social harm caused by the continuous commercialization of sexual exploitation. It seeks to promote justice, legal certainty, and utility while preventing organized sexual exploitation and protecting human dignity and children’s interests. Nevertheless, the undefined standard of habitual conduct and the expansion of prostitution through digital platforms require careful interpretation to maintain effective enforcement without undermining legality and legal certainty.]]>
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