STATUS HUKUM DATA MEDIK SEBAGAI KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL: MODEL BARU PERLINDUNGAN DATA MEDIS MILIK PASIEN SEBAGAI KARYA INTELEKTUAL

Sartono Sartono (Universitas Islam Nusantara)
Sandy Marzuqi Rahmat (Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Islam Nusantara)
Gemah Arfiyah (Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Islam Nusantara)
Faozi Jafar (Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Islam Nusantara)
Nurshela Fariska (Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Islam Nusantara)
Asep Sapsudin (Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Islam Nusantara)

JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI
Vol 14, No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi

The digitalization of healthcare services through the implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) has transformed medical records from administrative documents into strategic health information assets. While this transformation enhances the efficiency, continuity, and quality of healthcare services, it also raises complex legal issues concerning ownership, legal protection, and the utilization of patients' medical data. This study aims to analyze the legal status of medical data within the Indonesian legal system and to formulate a legal protection model that conceptualizes medical data as an object deserving intellectual property-based protection, while maintaining consistency with the principles of health law and personal data protection. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches through an extensive literature review of legislation, legal doctrines, judicial decisions, and scholarly publications. The study finds that medical data may be construed as a collective intellectual work because they are systematically generated through the professional intellectual activities of healthcare providers, originate from patients' personal health information, and possess legal, social, and economic value. Within this framework, patients remain the primary holders of moral interests over their medical data, healthcare professionals function as professional contributors in generating medical records, and healthcare institutions exercise limited management rights in accordance with statutory obligations. Rather than replacing existing legal regimes, this model complements health law and personal data protection by strengthening legal accountability for unauthorized use and exploitation of medical data. The study concludes that recognizing medical data as an object eligible for intellectual property-oriented legal protection may provide a more comprehensive, adaptive, and equitable framework for protecting patients' rights in Indonesia's digital healthcare system.Keywords: Medical Data; Electronic Medical Records; Intellectual Property; Personal Data Protection; Health Law.