Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET)
Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): August-October

Sustainable Cement Paste Incorporating Andesite Waste Powder: Mechanical Performance and Feasibility for Ornamental Elements

Ni Komang Ayu Agustini (Universitas Warmadewa)
I Nengah Sinarta (Universitas Warmadewa)
Noor Azline Mohd. Nasir (Universiti Putra Malaysia)
Warid Wazien Ahmad Zailani (Universiti Teknologi MARA)



Article Info

Publish Date
29 Aug 2026

Abstract

Utilising industrial waste as a partial solution for Portland cement has become more common as the need for environmentally friendly building materials grows. The potential of using andesite waste powder (AWP), a byproduct of the stone-processing industry, as a cementitious material for ornamental cement-based products is examined in this study. The flowability, dry unit weight, and compression strength tests were done on cement paste samples with 0%, 50%, and 75% AWP replacement levels at water-to-binder ratios of 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40. As the AWP content increased, the workability and compressive strength decreased. This is because AWP has a lower hydraulic response and higher water demand. After 28 days, the mixture with 50% AWP and a water-to-binder ratio of 0.30 had the best performance, with a compression strength of 22.56 MPa and a dry unit weight of 1738.28 kg/m³. The economic analysis demonstrated that the strength-to-cost ratio of AWP-based paste was more favourable than that of conventional ornamental materials. This research demonstrates the potential of AWP as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative material for ornamental applications.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

asset

Publisher

Subject

Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

Description

Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET) is a peer-reviewed open-access international scientific journal dedicated to the latest advancements in sciences, applied sciences and engineering, as well as relating sustainable technology. This journal aims to provide a platform for ...