<![CDATA[The halal industry has become an important driver of Indonesia's regional economic development, yet its spatial distribution remains uneven across provinces. Understanding these regional disparities is essential for designing evidence-based policies that promote balanced industrial development. This study examines the spatial distribution, regional inequality, and regional development typologies of Indonesia's halal industry using provincial-level data from the Halal Industry Information System (SIINas Halal). A quantitative spatial approach was employed by integrating descriptive spatial analysis, the Lorenz Curve and Gini coefficient to measure interprovincial inequality, Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to assess regional specialization, and K-Means clustering to classify provinces into regional development typologies based on their industrial characteristics. The analysis covers 157,289 halal industries across 33 Indonesian provinces. The findings reveal a highly uneven spatial distribution, with East Java, West Java, and Central Java accounting for the largest concentration of halal industries, while eastern provinces exhibit substantially lower industrial presence. The estimated Gini coefficient indicates a high degree of regional concentration, confirming significant spatial inequality in the distribution of halal industries. Furthermore, K-Means clustering identifies four regional development typologies; leading, emerging, developing, and lagging regions, highlighting substantial differences in regional industrial characteristics. These findings provide a comprehensive spatial perspective on the structure of Indonesia's halal industry and offer empirical evidence to support more balanced, place-based industrial policies aimed at strengthening regional competitiveness and reducing interprovincial disparities.]]>
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