<![CDATA[This study evaluates sesame oil modified with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as a candidate eco-friendly transformer insulating liquid. Ten formulations were prepared using 500 mL sesame oil with 1-10 g BHA. Viscosity was measured using a rotational viscotester, and the laboratory-reported kinematic values were treated as estimates derived from the direct viscosity readings. Alternating-current breakdown voltage (BDV) was measured five times for each formulation, and differences among BHA loadings were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance. The estimated kinematic viscosity ranged from 33.33 to 42.59 cSt and generally decreased as BHA loading increased. The highest mean BDV was obtained at 3 g BHA/500 mL (30.24 +/- 7.94 kV), whereas the 10 g formulation showed the lowest estimated viscosity (33.33 cSt) and the second-highest BDV (25.58 +/- 3.38 kV). BDV exhibited a non-monotonic response to BHA loading. One-way ANOVA indicated significant differences among formulations (F(9,40)=7.98, p<0.001). The results identify 3 g BHA/500 mL as the most promising formulation in the current screening because it combined the highest dielectric performance with moderate viscosity. Further validation with BHA-free sesame oil, mineral-oil controls, independent formulation batches, measured density, moisture, acidity, and direct kinematic-viscosity testing is required before transformer application.]]>
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