<![CDATA[This study aimed to develop an Adaptive Mathematics Book with Tactile Illustrations Based on Direct Instruction that is valid, practical, and effective in improving mathematical conceptual understanding and learning motivation of students with visual impairments on the topic of polyhedrons. This study was conducted at SLB Negeri Stabat using the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The subjects of this study were seventh-grade students with visual impairments at SLB Negeri Stabat in the 2025/2026 academic year. The results showed that the developed adaptive mathematics book met the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The material expert validation achieved a percentage of 91.43% and was categorized as highly valid, while the media expert validation achieved 91.67% and was also categorized as highly valid. The practicality test results showed a percentage of 93.75% from teachers and 89.00% from students, both categorized as highly practical. The effectiveness of the product was indicated by the improvement in students’ mathematical conceptual understanding, with the average pretest score increasing from 41.25 to 78.75 on the posttest, resulting in an N-Gain score of 0.64 (moderate category). Students’ learning motivation also increased from an average score of 58.75 to 88.75, with an N-Gain score of 0.73 (high category). Therefore, the Adaptive Mathematics Book with Tactile Illustrations Based on Direct Instruction is appropriate for use in mathematics learning for students with visual impairments.]]>
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