<![CDATA[The relationship between religion and science in contemporary Islam cannot be understood merely as conflict or separation, but rather as a complex integrative relationship. This study comparatively analyzes the thoughts of Ian G. Barbour and Seyyed Hossein Nasr regarding the epistemological construction of the religion-science relationship. The method employed is a literature review with a descriptive-analytical and critical-comparative approach through primary and secondary source exploration. The results show that Barbour developed a typology of religion-science relationships (conflict, independence, dialogue, integration) that is analytical and pluralistic, whereas Nasr offers a metaphysical critique of modern science through the concept of sacred science based on tawhid (monotheism). Both scholars reject absolute conflict and recognize the inherent limitations of modern science, yet they differ in their epistemological foundations and integrative orientations. This study concludes that the integration of religion and science requires a transformation from a dualistic to an integrative paradigm that encompasses both methodological and metaphysical dimensions, rendering it highly relevant for the development of Islamic scholarship and contemporary education oriented toward values, meaning, and spirituality.]]>
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