<![CDATA[This study presents a comparative analysis between cooperatives as legal entities and Koperasi Merah Putih, revealing that both share the same fundamental legal foundation. A cooperative is defined as a legal business entity grounded in the principle of kinship (asas kekeluargaan) and oriented toward improving members' welfare, as regulated under Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives. Koperasi Merah Putih, while remaining subject to the same cooperative regulatory framework, places greater emphasis on nationalism, economic self-reliance, mutual cooperation (gotong royong), and the empowerment of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Both entities apply core cooperative principles, including voluntary and open membership, democratic management, and the fair distribution of surplus results (sisa hasil usaha) among members. The findings indicate that the primary distinctions between the two lie not in their legal structure, but in their orientation, identity, and development strategies. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Koperasi Merah Putih represents a contextual development of the conventional cooperative concept, one that reinforces national values and local economic identity while preserving its essential role as a legal entity rooted in the principles of people-based economics (ekonomi kerakyatan).]]>
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