Analisis THD-I dan THD-V pada Sistem Distribusi Kelistrikan Gedung Bertingkat

Tegar Revan Septian (Universitas Dian Nusantara)
Erfiana Wahyuningsih (Universitas Dian Nusantara)

Jurnal Penelitian Rumpun Ilmu Teknik
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Rumpun Ilmu Teknik

The heightened utilization of nonlinear electrical loads in skyscrapers can produce harmonic distortion that impacts power quality. This research is to examine the attributes of Total Harmonic Distortion of current (THD-I) and Total Harmonic Distortion of voltage (THD-V) inside a low-voltage distribution network comprising multiple panels. Measurements were executed utilizing the Schneider PowerLogic PM5300 across eight distribution panels, specifically Tower E, Tower F, Tower G, Tower H, Tower J, Tower K, FIRE, and Utility/Non-Fire. Observations took place over a span of four days at 06:00, 08:00, 14:00, 18:00, 22:00, and 23:00 throughout three phases, yielding 576 initial data points for both THD-I and THD-V. The evaluation procedure uncovered four sets of THD-I and THD-V data for phase 1 on August 9, 2026, at 08:00, which necessitated verification and were consequently excluded from the primary assessment. The peak THD-I values among the panels vary from 12.1% to 40.2%, with the FIRE panel exhibiting the highest measurement. The confirmed maximum THD-V values among the panels vary from 2.0% to 2.9%, with the peak value identified in the Utility/Non-Fire panel. All confirmed THD-V values are beneath the benchmark of 8% for systems operating at voltages up to 1 kV, according to IEEE Std 519-2022. Nevertheless, these findings do not suffice to assert complete adherence to IEEE 519, as the measurement location has not been validated as the Point of Common Coupling. THD-I is examined descriptively and is not utilized to assess current harmonic compliance due to the unavailability of short-circuit current (Isc) and maximum demand load current (IL) data necessary for Total Demand Distortion analysis. The capacitor bank's supporting data indicates a power factor ranging from 0.96 to 1.00. The findings indicate that a power factor nearing unity does not consistently correlate with little current harmonic distortion. Consequently, THD-I, THD-V, and power factor must be analyzed as supplementary metrics in evaluating the power quality of a building's electrical infrastructure.