ISSUE: Journal of Islamic Studies for Universal Dialogue
Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): ISSUE: Journal of Islamic Studies for Universal Dialogue

COINCIDENCE AND THE LAW OF CAUSALITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY

M. Syaiful Amin (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sadra Jakarta)
Ahmad Hafidh Alkaf (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sadra Jakarta)



Article Info

Publish Date
27 Aug 2026

Abstract

Coincidence is often understood as an event that occurs without a cause. However, this understanding contradicts the law of causality in Islamic philosophy, which asserts that every effect necessarily has a cause. This study aims to address the possibility of a causeless coincidence, the position of coincidence in Islamic philosophy, and the philosophical consequences of regarding coincidence as an event that genuinely occurs without a cause. This study employs a qualitative approach based on document or textual study, emphasizing an in-depth analysis of written materials within their respective contexts. The primary sources include the works of Islamic philosophers such as Avicenna, al-Farabi, and Averroes. The analysis applies the method of rational demonstration (burhān) through logical reasoning and the use of verifiable facts and textual evidence. The findings indicate that absolute coincidence is not recognized in Islamic philosophy because all phenomena are subject to the law of cause and effect. Coincidence is merely relative, arising from the limitations of human reason in comprehending hidden causal relationships. Therefore, every event still has a cause, and coincidence must be understood within the framework of causality. Further research is expected to examine the relationship between causality and probability in modern science.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ojs

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Education Social Sciences Other

Description

ISSUE is an international peer reviewed journal of islamic studies which published by Sadra International Institute. This journal is published each semester, and multilingual (English, Indonesian, and Arabic). This journal provides a scholarly forum for sustained dis-cussion of islamic studies from ...