<![CDATA[Background: Esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) are congenital malformations that often occur together and require surgery within the first few days of life. Anesthesia management for these procedures is challenging. This case report describes the anesthetic management of a neonate with esophageal atresia undergoing thoracotomy and esophagotomy. Case: A five-day-old male infant presented with vomiting and respiratory distress after feeding attempts and was referred for specialized care to our hospital. Upon arrival, physical and diagnostic evaluations confirmed EA. After preoperative evaluation and optimization, the patient underwent surgery. General anesthesia with invasive monitoring was used. Discussion: Surgical options for EA/TEF repair include thoracotomy and esophagostomy. Anesthesia management for this type of surgery in patients with esophageal atresia involves perioperative and postoperative considerations. Our patient presented several anesthetic challenges. Pneumonia and sepsis added further complexity. Mortality in neonates with EA/TEF is often multifactorial. Conclusion: Effective anesthesia management for EA/TEF repair requires careful multidisciplinary planning and coordination, considering the high risks associated with the condition. Postoperative care in the NICU is essential for monitoring and managing potential complications.]]>
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