<![CDATA[This study aims to develop a microwave-assisted thermochemical process using a nano ZSM-5 catalyst for biogasoline production from waste cooking oil (WCO). The nano ZSM-5 catalyst was characterized using XRD, BET, and SEM analyses to determine its crystalline structure, surface area, and morphology. The microwave reactor was designed to evaluate the effects of microwave power, reaction time, and catalyst-to-feed ratio on conversion efficiency and product distribution. The liquid products were analyzed by GC–MS to determine the hydrocarbon composition in the biogasoline range (C5–C12). The nano ZSM-5 catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity and selectivity toward light hydrocarbons, with a maximum WCO conversion of 92% and a biogasoline yield of 46% under optimal conditions (500 W, 15 min, 10 wt% catalyst). The microwave-assisted process demonstrated enhanced energy efficiency and faster reaction kinetics compared to conventional heating. These findings indicate that integrating microwave irradiation with nano ZSM-5 catalysis provides a promising route for sustainable biogasoline production from waste feedstocks.]]>
Copyrights © 0000
