Tolerance as Social Capital from the Perspective of Hadith: Its Implementation in Muslim Families in South Sulawesi

Jufri, Muhammad
Suyuthi, Machmud
Handayani, Dian
Thahir, Ilyas
Ali Imran Ahmad, La Ode

El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): EL-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga

This article examines tolerance as a form of social capital within Muslim families by grounding it in the ethical teachings of Prophetic hadith. While tolerance is often discussed in sociological and psychological terms, its moral and religious foundations in Islamic tradition remain underexplored. This study seeks to fill that gap by integrating social capital theory with a hadith-based ethical framework to demonstrate how tolerance operates as a relational resource that strengthens family cohesion and resilience. Using qualitative methods analyzed with hermeneutic theory, this study analyzes selected hadiths from classical books and their sharah through thematic and contextual interpretation. The findings indicate that tolerance in the Prophetic tradition is not a passive attitude but an active ethical practice rooted in values such as rahmah (compassion), sabr (patience), rifq (gentleness), hilm (forbearance), and shūrā (mutual consultation). These values shape daily family interactions by fostering trust, emotional security, empathy, and constructive conflict resolution. When internalized, they function as bonding social capital that reinforces intra-family solidarity, as well as bridging and linking capital that enable families to engage positively with broader social environments. The study further argues that hadith-based tolerance provides a normative alternative to rigid legalistic or patriarchal family models by emphasizing relational ethics, reciprocity, and moral responsibility. This ethical orientation offers a comprehensive framework for understanding Muslim family life not merely as a legal institution but as a dynamic moral community. The significance of this research lies in its interdisciplinary contribution to Islamic studies, family sociology, and religious ethics. By conceptualizing tolerance as ethical social capital, this article provides a theoretical basis for developing family education, counseling programs, and community initiatives aimed at promoting harmonious and resilient Muslim households in contemporary plural societies.