<![CDATA[English consonant substitution is one of the pronunciation difficulties that may occur when English is used as a second or foreign language. This study focused on the consonant substitution patterns produced by fourth-semester students of the English Literature Study Program in a reading-aloud task. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with quantitative support, the study analyzed the substitutions based on voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation. The data were obtained from 10 participants and transcribed using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The analysis identified 50 consonant substitution errors across nine patterns. The most frequent pattern was /ʃ/ → /s/, occurring 14 times (28% of all substitution errors), followed by /v/ → /f/ with 13 occurrences (26%). In terms of participant prevalence, /v/ → /f/ was the most widely shared pattern, produced by 8 of the 10 participants. When target opportunities were considered, /ʒ/ had the highest error rate at 25.00% (5/20), followed by /ʃ/ at 14.00% (14/100) and /v/ at 8.13% (13/160). The feature-based analysis showed that the substitutions involved changes in voicing, place of articulation, manner of articulation, or a combination of these features. These findings provide a clearer description of the consonant substitution patterns occurring in the participants’ reading-aloud productions and may help identify consonant features that require greater attention in English pronunciation practice.]]>
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