<![CDATA[Watershed degradation in small islands is increasingly influenced by socio-economic pressures such as population growth, poverty, and weak governance. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the socio-economic carrying capacity of Tiworo Watershed on Muna Island. This research was conducted from March to June 2022 across Muna Regency and West Muna Regency. The analysis used three parameters in accordance with Ministerial Regulation No. P.61/Menhut-II/2014, namely population pressure, population welfare, as well as the existence and enforcement of rules. The researchers collected primary data through purposive sampling from local stakeholders and households, while secondary data originated from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) and local agencies. The results showed that the population pressure was 1.39 ha/household, indicating a moderate level. The population welfare level was categorized as poor (29.5% of households), with increasing dependence on forest resources and the potential for land conversion. Rule existence and enforcement were categorized as good because local communities still maintain local norms and practices, including spring protection and agroforestry. The overall socio-economic carrying capacity score was 105, placing the watershed in the moderate category. Strengthening welfare, land-use planning, and local wisdom-based management is necessary to support sustainable watershed governance.]]>
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