<![CDATA[Cyber diplomacy has emerged as a critical instrument through which states negotiate, contest, and coordinate responses to the security risks generated by an increasingly interconnected digital environment. As critical infrastructure, financial systems, and governance functions migrate online, cyberspace has become both a domain of strategic competition and a platform for international cooperation. This article examines the evolving relationship between cyber diplomacy and national security in the digital era, focusing on how states employ diplomatic mechanisms to manage cross-border cyber threats, build normative frameworks, and safeguard sovereign digital interests. Using a qualitative literature review method, this study synthesizes findings from twenty-five academic sources published primarily within the last five years, spanning international law, security studies, and Indonesian policy literature. The results indicate that cyber diplomacy functions along three interconnected dimensions: norm-building through multilateral forums, bilateral and regional confidence-building measures, and capacity-building partnerships between developed and developing states. The study further identifies persistent gaps in attribution mechanisms, enforcement capacity, and the inclusion of middle-income and developing states in global cyber governance architecture. This article contributes a novel integrative framework linking cyber diplomacy instruments directly to national security outcomes, offering both theoretical grounding and practical implications for policymakers seeking to strengthen digital resilience through diplomatic engagement]]>
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