<![CDATA[This article examines the concept of ukhuwah (Islamic brotherhood) as a theological pillar for building religious tolerance and interfaith harmony in Indonesia. As a highly plural nation, Indonesia continues to face recurring cases of religious intolerance, ranging from the rejection of houses of worship to discrimination against minority belief groups, despite strong constitutional and religious foundations for tolerance. This study employs a qualitative library research method by analyzing the Quran, Hadith, and relevant academic literature. The findings show that the Islamic tradition of ukhuwah develops through three interconnected dimensions: ukhuwah islamiyah (brotherhood among Muslims), ukhuwah wathaniyah (brotherhood as fellow citizens), and ukhuwah basyariyah (universal human brotherhood). These three dimensions provide a theological basis for tolerance that distinguishes between social interaction (muamalah), which is open to cooperation with people of other faiths, and matters of faith and worship (aqidah), which remain exclusive. Ukhuwah wathaniyah and basyariyah in particular offer a normative framework compatible with Indonesia's plural society, encouraging mutual respect, cooperation, and conflict prevention without eliminating religious identity. The article concludes that strengthening the values of ukhuwah through education, interfaith dialogue, and community practice can serve as an effective strategy for maintaining religious harmony amid Indonesia's diversity.]]>
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