<![CDATA[Patient safety incident reporting provides important information for identifying hazards and improving hospital safety. This study aimed to describe temporal trends and patterns of reported patient safety incidents over 12 years in a private hospital in Pekalongan Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. A retrospective longitudinal descriptive study was conducted using patient safety incident reports recorded from 2009 to 2020. Total sampling identified 389 reported incidents, which were classified as adverse events (KTD), no-harm incidents (KTC), near misses (KNC), potentially unsafe conditions (KPC), and sentinel events. Near misses were the most frequently reported category (179; 46.0%), followed by adverse events (109; 28.0%) and no-harm incidents (98; 25.2%). Annual reporting increased from 6 incidents in 2009 to 48 in 2013, fluctuated during 2015–2019, and declined to 25 in 2020. Falls accounted for 81 (74.3%) adverse events, while medication-related incidents represented 66 (36.9%) near misses and 41 (41.8%) no-harm incidents. No sentinel events were recorded. The findings indicate that near misses provide valuable proactive safety information, while falls and medication-related incidents represent key priorities for prevention. Changes in reporting volume should be interpreted cautiously because they may reflect differences in detection and reporting practices as well as incident occurrence.]]>
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