Diagnosis of Mathematics Learning Difficulties Among 8th-Grade Students Regarding Three-Dimensional Shapes at SMP Negeri 1 Sinjai

Nurjannah Nurjannah (Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia)
Anil Muftirah (Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia)

COMPETITIVE: Journal of Education
Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026)

The purpose of this study was to identify the problems or difficulties experienced by students when engaging with the topic of three-dimensional shapes. This study employed a qualitative research approach. The subjects were eighth-grade students at UPTD SMPN 1 Sinjai; specifically, three students—identified by the initials AN, FR, and PA—were selected. These subjects consisted of two females and one male, all possessing average mathematical knowledge. Data collection techniques included observation, diagnostic testing, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that students faced difficulties in conceptual understanding—specifically in comprehending and applying formulas for three-dimensional shapes—as well as challenges with calculations (particularly multiplication) and the notation of mathematical symbols.